Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Pigs and Chickens in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, 2018–2021

Phouth Inthavong; Somphaivanh Chanthavong; Phounsavanh Nammanininh; Phouvong Phommachanh; Watthana Theppangna; Agnes Agunos; Jaap A. Wagenaar; Bounlom Douangngeun; Leo Loth

doi:10.3390/antibiotics11020177

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Pigs and Chickens in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, 2018–2021

Phouth Inthavong, Somphaivanh Chanthavong, Phounsavanh Nammanininh, Phouvong Phommachanh, Watthana Theppangna, Agnes Agunos, Jaap A. Wagenaar, Bounlom Douangngeun, Leo Loth

Clinical Infectiology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

The use of antimicrobials in the livestock sector has been identified as a driver for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and AMR has become a growing public health and economic threat in the Lao PDR. We conducted surveillance for AMR in five provinces of the Lao PDR, in order to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from caecal samples from slaughtered pigs at slaughterhouses and from slaughtered chickens at markets during two different time periods: 2018/2019 and 2020/2021. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using a panel of 14 antimicrobials using the broth microdilution technique. E. coli and Salmonella from chickens (62% and 33%, respectively) and pigs (88% and 81%, respectively) exhibited resistance to ≥3 classes of antimicrobials. Of important public health concern was the detection of Salmonella resistant to cefotaxime/ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and colistin, deemed as critically important antimicrobials in human medicine. This study aimed to evaluate a national sampling strategy at slaughterhouses and wet markets, and to pilot the laboratory methodologies for bacterial recovery and AMR testing. Experiences from this study will inform capacity development for a national AMR surveillance program, and these early data could serve as reference points for monitoring the impact of the Lao PDR’s national action plan to contain AMR.

Original language	English
Article number	177
Pages (from-to)	1-19
Journal	Antibiotics
Volume	11
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11020177
Publication status	Published - Feb 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
In 2019, the National Strategic Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (NSP-AMR) in the Lao PDR, 2019–2023, was developed by the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, with technical and financial support from the [14] World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) [15]. The NSP-AMR aligns with the Global Action Plan [16], the FAO Action Plan on AMR 2021–2025 [17] and its predecessor [18], and the OIE AMR strategy [19]. This strategic plan on AMR describes the vision to reduce AMR-related human and animal morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. The strategic plan encourages a multisector One Health approach to tackling AMR, involving local and national stakeholders, and demonstrates the commitment of the Lao PDR in the global fight against AMR.

Funding Information:
Funding: This work was conducted with financial support from the Fleming Fund Country Grant, grant number FF13-154, through the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

Antimicrobial resistance
Broilers
Escherichia coli
Layers
Livestock
Multiclass resistance
Native chickens
Pigs
Salmonella
Surveillance

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.3390/antibiotics11020177Licence: CC BY

antibiotics-11-00177Final published version, 2.05 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{be089e22ac214f8083abf271e299df0c,

title = "Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Pigs and Chickens in the Lao People{\textquoteright}s Democratic Republic, 2018–2021",

abstract = "The use of antimicrobials in the livestock sector has been identified as a driver for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and AMR has become a growing public health and economic threat in the Lao PDR. We conducted surveillance for AMR in five provinces of the Lao PDR, in order to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from caecal samples from slaughtered pigs at slaughterhouses and from slaughtered chickens at markets during two different time periods: 2018/2019 and 2020/2021. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using a panel of 14 antimicrobials using the broth microdilution technique. E. coli and Salmonella from chickens (62% and 33%, respectively) and pigs (88% and 81%, respectively) exhibited resistance to ≥3 classes of antimicrobials. Of important public health concern was the detection of Salmonella resistant to cefotaxime/ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and colistin, deemed as critically important antimicrobials in human medicine. This study aimed to evaluate a national sampling strategy at slaughterhouses and wet markets, and to pilot the laboratory methodologies for bacterial recovery and AMR testing. Experiences from this study will inform capacity development for a national AMR surveillance program, and these early data could serve as reference points for monitoring the impact of the Lao PDR{\textquoteright}s national action plan to contain AMR.",

keywords = "Antimicrobial resistance, Broilers, Escherichia coli, Layers, Livestock, Multiclass resistance, Native chickens, Pigs, Salmonella, Surveillance",

author = "Phouth Inthavong and Somphaivanh Chanthavong and Phounsavanh Nammanininh and Phouvong Phommachanh and Watthana Theppangna and Agnes Agunos and Wagenaar, {Jaap A.} and Bounlom Douangngeun and Leo Loth",

note = "Funding Information: In 2019, the National Strategic Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (NSP-AMR) in the Lao PDR, 2019–2023, was developed by the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, with technical and financial support from the [14] World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) [15]. The NSP-AMR aligns with the Global Action Plan [16], the FAO Action Plan on AMR 2021–2025 [17] and its predecessor [18], and the OIE AMR strategy [19]. This strategic plan on AMR describes the vision to reduce AMR-related human and animal morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. The strategic plan encourages a multisector One Health approach to tackling AMR, involving local and national stakeholders, and demonstrates the commitment of the Lao PDR in the global fight against AMR. Funding Information: Funding: This work was conducted with financial support from the Fleming Fund Country Grant, grant number FF13-154, through the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

year = "2022",

month = feb,

doi = "10.3390/antibiotics11020177",

language = "English",

volume = "11",

pages = "1--19",

journal = "Antibiotics",

issn = "2079-6382",

publisher = "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)",

number = "2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Pigs and Chickens in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, 2018–2021

AU - Inthavong, Phouth

AU - Chanthavong, Somphaivanh

AU - Nammanininh, Phounsavanh

AU - Phommachanh, Phouvong

AU - Theppangna, Watthana

AU - Agunos, Agnes

AU - Wagenaar, Jaap A.

AU - Douangngeun, Bounlom

AU - Loth, Leo

N1 - Funding Information: In 2019, the National Strategic Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (NSP-AMR) in the Lao PDR, 2019–2023, was developed by the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, with technical and financial support from the [14] World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) [15]. The NSP-AMR aligns with the Global Action Plan [16], the FAO Action Plan on AMR 2021–2025 [17] and its predecessor [18], and the OIE AMR strategy [19]. This strategic plan on AMR describes the vision to reduce AMR-related human and animal morbidity, mortality, and economic impact. The strategic plan encourages a multisector One Health approach to tackling AMR, involving local and national stakeholders, and demonstrates the commitment of the Lao PDR in the global fight against AMR. Funding Information: Funding: This work was conducted with financial support from the Fleming Fund Country Grant, grant number FF13-154, through the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

PY - 2022/2

Y1 - 2022/2

N2 - The use of antimicrobials in the livestock sector has been identified as a driver for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and AMR has become a growing public health and economic threat in the Lao PDR. We conducted surveillance for AMR in five provinces of the Lao PDR, in order to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from caecal samples from slaughtered pigs at slaughterhouses and from slaughtered chickens at markets during two different time periods: 2018/2019 and 2020/2021. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using a panel of 14 antimicrobials using the broth microdilution technique. E. coli and Salmonella from chickens (62% and 33%, respectively) and pigs (88% and 81%, respectively) exhibited resistance to ≥3 classes of antimicrobials. Of important public health concern was the detection of Salmonella resistant to cefotaxime/ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and colistin, deemed as critically important antimicrobials in human medicine. This study aimed to evaluate a national sampling strategy at slaughterhouses and wet markets, and to pilot the laboratory methodologies for bacterial recovery and AMR testing. Experiences from this study will inform capacity development for a national AMR surveillance program, and these early data could serve as reference points for monitoring the impact of the Lao PDR’s national action plan to contain AMR.

AB - The use of antimicrobials in the livestock sector has been identified as a driver for the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and AMR has become a growing public health and economic threat in the Lao PDR. We conducted surveillance for AMR in five provinces of the Lao PDR, in order to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from caecal samples from slaughtered pigs at slaughterhouses and from slaughtered chickens at markets during two different time periods: 2018/2019 and 2020/2021. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using a panel of 14 antimicrobials using the broth microdilution technique. E. coli and Salmonella from chickens (62% and 33%, respectively) and pigs (88% and 81%, respectively) exhibited resistance to ≥3 classes of antimicrobials. Of important public health concern was the detection of Salmonella resistant to cefotaxime/ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and colistin, deemed as critically important antimicrobials in human medicine. This study aimed to evaluate a national sampling strategy at slaughterhouses and wet markets, and to pilot the laboratory methodologies for bacterial recovery and AMR testing. Experiences from this study will inform capacity development for a national AMR surveillance program, and these early data could serve as reference points for monitoring the impact of the Lao PDR’s national action plan to contain AMR.

KW - Antimicrobial resistance

KW - Broilers

KW - Escherichia coli

KW - Layers

KW - Livestock

KW - Multiclass resistance

KW - Native chickens

KW - Pigs

KW - Salmonella

KW - Surveillance

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85123990440&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/antibiotics11020177

DO - 10.3390/antibiotics11020177

M3 - Article

SN - 2079-6382

VL - 11

SP - 1

EP - 19

JO - Antibiotics

JF - Antibiotics

IS - 2

M1 - 177

ER -

Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Pigs and Chickens in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, 2018–2021

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this