A new stage in the evolution of the mole rats (Rodentia, Spalacinae) from the Early Miocene of northern Greece

The cheek teeth of Debruijnia kostakii n. sp. from the Early Miocene of Karydia are only slightly smaller than those of the largest extant species of the Spalacinae (Spalax giganteus), but show characteristics that are reminiscent of its Paleogene cricetid ancestor. The peculiar combination of large size and primitive dental morphology of this species bridges the gap between Debruijnia and Pliospalax and thereby supports the hypothesis that these genera form the core of the complex evolutionary history leading to extant Spalax.