A comparison of households' energy balance in residential smart grid pilots in the Netherlands

Cihan Gercek; Wouter Schram; Ioannis Lampropoulos; Wilfried van Sark; Angèle Reinders

doi:10.3390/app9152993

A comparison of households' energy balance in residential smart grid pilots in the Netherlands

Cihan Gercek^*, Wouter Schram, Ioannis Lampropoulos, Wilfried van Sark, Angèle Reinders

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › Academic › peer-review

Abstract

This paper presents an analysis that frames the impact of various smart grid technologies, with an objective to provide a transparent framework for residential smart grid demonstration projects based on predefined and clearly formulated key performance indicators. The analysis inspects measured energy data of 217 households from three smart grid pilot projects in the Netherlands and a public dataset with smart meter data from 70 households as a reference. The datasets were evaluated for one year and compared to provide insights on technologies and other differences based on seven key performance indicators, giving a comprehensive overview: monthly electricity consumption (100-600 kWh) and production (4-200 kWh); annually imported (3.1-4.5 MWh) and exported (0.2-1 MWh) electricity; residual load; peak of imported (4.8-6.8 kW) and exported (0.3-2.2 kW) electricity; import simultaneity (20-70.5%); feed in simultaneity (75-89%); self-sufficiency (18-20%); and self-consumption (50-70%). It was found that the electrification of heating systems in buildings by using heat pumps leads to an increase of annual electricity consumption and peak loads of approximately 30% compared to the average Dutch households without heat pumps. Moreover, these peaks have a high degree of simultaneity. To increase both the self-sufficiency and self-consumption of households, further investigations will be required to optimize smart grid systems.

Original language	English
Article number	2993
Journal	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
Volume	9
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/app9152993
Publication status	Published - 2019

Funding

We would like to acknowledge all participants in the smart grid pilots (PowerMatching City, Jouw Energie Moment, Rendement voor Iedereen) involved in this study for their willingness to share their data, experiences, and knowledge with the researchers. We would like to thank Daphne Geelen, Frits Bliek and Alexander Savelkouls for facilitating the data acquisition, and last but not least, our colleagues Carla Robledo, Ad van Wijk and Barbara van Mierlo for their kind advices and suggestions.

Keywords

Consumption patterns
Energy system analysis
Flexibility
Heat pumps
Load duration curve
Photovoltaic
Self-consumption
Self-sufficiency
Smart grids

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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applsci-09-02993-v2Final published version, 2 MB

Cite this

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abstract = "This paper presents an analysis that frames the impact of various smart grid technologies, with an objective to provide a transparent framework for residential smart grid demonstration projects based on predefined and clearly formulated key performance indicators. The analysis inspects measured energy data of 217 households from three smart grid pilot projects in the Netherlands and a public dataset with smart meter data from 70 households as a reference. The datasets were evaluated for one year and compared to provide insights on technologies and other differences based on seven key performance indicators, giving a comprehensive overview: monthly electricity consumption (100-600 kWh) and production (4-200 kWh); annually imported (3.1-4.5 MWh) and exported (0.2-1 MWh) electricity; residual load; peak of imported (4.8-6.8 kW) and exported (0.3-2.2 kW) electricity; import simultaneity (20-70.5%); feed in simultaneity (75-89%); self-sufficiency (18-20%); and self-consumption (50-70%). It was found that the electrification of heating systems in buildings by using heat pumps leads to an increase of annual electricity consumption and peak loads of approximately 30% compared to the average Dutch households without heat pumps. Moreover, these peaks have a high degree of simultaneity. To increase both the self-sufficiency and self-consumption of households, further investigations will be required to optimize smart grid systems.",

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A comparison of households' energy balance in residential smart grid pilots in the Netherlands

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Keywords

UN SDGs

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