Abstract
Background: Improving access to adolescent contraception information and services is essential to reduce unplanned adolescent pregnancies and maternal mortality in Uganda and Kenya, and attain the SDGs on health and gender equality. This research studies to what degree national laws and policies for adolescent contraception in Uganda and Kenya are consistent with WHO standards and human rights law. Methods: This is a comparative content analysis of law and policy documents in force between 2010 and 2018 governing adolescent (age 10–19 years) contraception. Between and within country differences were analysed using WHO’s guidelines “Ensuring human rights in the provision of contraceptive information and services”. Results: Of the 93 laws and policies screened, 26 documents were included (13 policies in Uganda, 13 policies in Kenya). Ugandan policies include a median of 1 WHO recommendation for adolescent contraception per policy (range 0–4) that most frequently concerns contraception accessibility. Ugandan policies have 6/9 WHO recommendations (14/24 sub-recommendations) and miss entirely WHO’s recommendations for adolescent contraception availability, quality, and accountability. On the other hand, most Kenyan policies consistently address multiple WHO recommendations (median 2 recommendations/policy, range 0–6), most frequently for contraception availability and accessibility for adolescents. Kenyan policies cover 8/9 WHO recommendations (16/24 sub-recommendations) except for accountability. Conclusions: The current policy landscapes for adolescent contraception in Uganda and Kenya include important references to human rights and evidence-based practice (in WHO’s recommendations); however, there is still room for improvement. Aligning national laws and policies with WHO’s recommendations on contraceptive information and services for adolescents may support interventions to improve health outcomes, provided these frameworks are effectively implemented.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 37 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1-14 |
| Journal | Reproductive Health |
| Volume | 19 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 7 Feb 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by VLIR-UOS and the Belgian Department of Development Cooperation’s Global Minds programme, Brussels, Belgium. KP also received funding as a Post Doctoral Research Fellow at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, to complete this research. The funders had no role in the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; the writing of the report; nor the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
Funding
This work was supported by VLIR-UOS and the Belgian Department of Development Cooperation’s Global Minds programme, Brussels, Belgium. KP also received funding as a Post Doctoral Research Fellow at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, to complete this research. The funders had no role in the study design; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; the writing of the report; nor the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Keywords
- Adolescent pregnancy
- Contraception
- Health policy
- Human rights
- Kenya
- Uganda
